Your membership has expired

The payment for your account couldn't be processed or you've canceled your account with us.

Re-activate

Save products you love, products you own and much more!

Save products icon

Other Membership Benefits:

Savings icon Exclusive Deals for Members Best time to buy icon Best Time to Buy Products Recall tracker icon Recall & Safety Alerts TV screen optimizer icon TV Screen Optimizer and more

    How Often Should You Wash Your Towels?

    ESPN NFL analyst Dan Orlovsky doesn’t have a clue. But CR has the answer, whether you're washing bath sheets or a Terrible Towel.

    When you shop through retailer links on our site, we may earn affiliate commissions. 100% of the fees we collect are used to support our nonprofit mission. Learn more.

    a bath towel hanging from a door hook
    Always hang up towels to air them out and avoid spreading any germs that collect on them.
    Photo: Getty Images

    In the NFL, laundry is a curse. When the referee throws a penalty flag—aka “laundry”—the infraction can overturn a touchdown or even a Super Bowl, instantly turning die-hard fans into sniffling crybabies.

    Penalties can turn a fan’s stomach, but so can bad laundry habits. Take towels. If you toss them on the floor or don’t hang them up to dry properly after a shower or don’t wash them frequently enough, they can spread harmful pathogens that are hard to pronounce and harder to cure. And you can’t blame that on the ref.

    Fact is, your towels are dirtier than you think.

    In this article Arrow link

    But try telling that to people like ESPN football analyst Dan Orlovsky, a former NFL quarterback who created a stir a few years back by bragging online about how infrequently he washes his bath towel (after about 30 uses). I’m throwing a penalty flag on that notion. I like Orlovsky, but I would never take towel-washing advice from him.

    He doubled down on this poor guidance during an episode of ESPN’s “NFL Live.” The clean-cut, well-dressed ESPN star is a football expert, but he proves fumbles don’t just happen on the gridiron.

    As Consumer Reports’ laundry scribe and a die-hard Steelers fan (I know a Terrible Towel when I see one), my initial reaction to Orlovsky was shock—and eww!

    Washing a towel that infrequently is disgusting, Dan, especially for someone who claims to shower twice a day. The grime you’re showering off is replaced by the bacteria living on the soiled towels you keep using, according to a trio of experts we asked. By the end of this article, you may feel yucky, too.

    CR Editor Keith Flamer holding a Pittsburgh Steelers "Terrible Towel" in front of a TV with a football game playing in the background
    The writer and his Terrible Towel, a popular rally prop he waves to cheer on his beloved Pittsburgh Steelers. And yes, he washes it frequently.

    Photo: Carlo Flamer Photo: Carlo Flamer

    How Often Should You Wash Your Towels?

    I asked Rich Handel, CR’s resident laundry expert, to weigh in on towel-washing frequency. “Thirty times [between washes] is way too little, especially when used twice a day,” says Handel. “A towel would never dry out and would be a great place for mold and mildew to grow. If you shower twice a day, I suggest using two towels, so you can go back and forth between them, allowing each to dry out.” 

    The American Cleaning Institute recommends washing your bath towel every three to five uses and hanging it up to dry in between. This helps stave off germs and contaminants that can cause serious infections. Handel and Charles P. Gerba, PhD, a virologist who has studied contamination in hand towels, concur with this towel-washing frequency.

    MORE ON LAUNDERING TOWELS

    “Bacteria will build up and grow in the towel because of the use of biodegradable soaps and other organic matter like skin cells,” says Gerba, a professor of environmental science at the University of Arizona. “We found with hand towels that the longer between washes, the more bacteria in the towels.”

    Gerba’s research showed that hand towels can carry viruses and infectious bacteria like E. coli (an indicator of fecal contamination), MRSA (an antibiotic-resistant staph bacteria), hepatitis B (a contagious virus that attacks the liver), and papillomavirus (a skin infection typically transmitted via cuts or abrasions). Although Gerba’s study focused on hand towels, which are more likely to be shared, he says he also found evidence of fecal bacteria on new store-bought towels manufactured overseas. So like new clothing, you should wash new towels before you use them.

    Thick, plush bath towels absorb more moisture, but it’s also harder to eliminate bacteria from them, Gerba says. “The thickness of the towels and heat resistance of fecal bacteria make it difficult to eliminate all bacteria, even if you wash them regularly in hot water,” he says. “We have washed the same towels several times in hot water and they had the same bacterial species, usually enterobacteria, in them every time.” Enterobacteria can cause urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and even meningitis, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

    And then there are odors. Wet, bunched-up towels sitting on the floor, in a laundry basket, or left too long in the machine after washing create the perfect warm, moist environment for mildew smells to intensify.

    “Many mold, fungus, bacteria, and viruses will cause a funky smell, but some can have health consequences as well,” says Eric Boring, a CR scientist with a PhD in chemistry. “MRSA can cause severe staph infections; fungi, like athlete’s foot, can result in itchy infections; and hepatitis B can exist outside the body for several months and be transmitted through the sharing of towels. People with certain skin conditions like acne or eczema should replace towels more frequently, because these conditions allow compromise of the skin barrier, making it easier to cause infection.”

    And thick bath towels aren’t the only challenge. Hand towels are typically shared, so they’re even more susceptible to germ spreads. According to Gerba’s study, typical bathroom hand towel hygiene practices contribute to pathogen spread among household individuals, including guests, who may all be using the same towel to dry hands.

    “Guests can introduce new types of bacteria and viruses to the towel, which could spread to family members,” Gerba says. “Always provide guests with just-washed towels, and wash them afterward. Disposable hand towels for guests are also an option.” Gerba also recommends washing your hands longer and changing out hand towels for washing every three to four days.

    How to Wash a Bath Towel

    Only wash towels with towels. According to Handel, towels should be washed together and separately from other clothes. Towels can spread germs and bacteria to other clothes, and they’re also abrasive, which can damage more delicate fabrics. “Lint from the towels can transfer to other items,” Handel says.

    I can vouch for this: I recently destroyed a polo shirt by tossing it into a towel load in a mad rush (athletes aren’t the only people who commit penalties). Now my polo (shown below) is covered with lint pills that ruined the fabric. Lesson learned. It didn’t look good on me anyway.

    a damaged shirt after a laundry mishap
    Abrasive towels can ruin cotton fabrics and cause pilling, so wash them separately from other clothes.

    Photo: Keith Flamer Photo: Keith Flamer

    Opt for hot water. Today’s laundry detergents work effectively in cold, warm, and hot water. But there’s clean, and then there’s a deep clean. To address cleanliness, smells, stains, and bacteria, Gerba and Handel recommend washing towels (especially white towels) in hot water. Gerba also suggests using an antimicrobial laundry sanitizer to kill odor-causing bacteria and prevent cross-contamination. “It’s essential to use hot water,” Gerba says. “Even then, some bacteria can survive in hot water because towels are so thick, so an additional laundry sanitizer should be used.”

    I took Gerba’s advice and noticed a distinct difference in the texture and smell of my towels after adding color-safe Clorox laundry sanitizer during the rinse cycle. They haven’t felt this soft or smelled this fresh for a long time.

    Get out the stink. Like the temperature, pick your cycle accordingly. You can use the normal or regular cycle to clean your towels. But if they are soiled, stained, or stinky from workouts or from too much usage, select the heavy-soil setting and wash them in hot water. If your washer has a sanitizing cycle, go for it as long as you’re comfortable exposing your towel fabrics to the hottest water settings, which effectively kill germs but can damage the fabric. (The minimum disinfection temperature is generally 140° F.) Using a high-performing, odor-fighting laundry detergent helps, too.

    If your washing machine has one, you could also try the steam cycle, which helps loosen dirt and remove stains and odors. You may be tempted to use scent beads to tame odors, but that’s an ineffective solution. “Scent beads would just cover the smell and stink with fragrance,” Handel says. “The best bet is to remove the odors with hot water, a good detergent, and possibly the sanitize cycle.”

    Use an effective detergent. The laundry detergent you use is critical for removing towel stains and odors. A deep-penetrating detergent that performs optimally even in hard water can make all the difference in the world. Try a high-performing detergent like Tide Plus Ultra Oxi with Odor Eliminators, which is among the top five detergents in our ratings.

    Avoid fabric softeners. Fabric softeners won’t freshen your towels; they will only lead to excess detergent residue, irritated skin, fiber damage, and even white, chalky hard water mineral buildup—rendering your towel unable to soak up water. “Fabric softeners and dryer sheets reduce the absorbency of towels,” Handel says. “They’re a waste of money.”

    Dry towels promptly. Always dry towels right after washing them. Towels left in the washer can develop a musty, mildewy smell. Use the normal or heavy-duty dry cycle, depending on your preference or time restraints. Dryer temperatures vary by model but typically run between 120° F and 160° F. A large load of towels will take longer to dry. The higher the temperature, the quicker they dry—but that harsher heat can also damage delicate or designer towels, so adjust accordingly.

    Some dryers offer steam cycles for unwrinkling, deodorizing, and refreshing towels. Towels can get staticky in dryers, but avoid the temptation of dryer sheets. They can leave a film over your dryer’s moisture sensor that can cause it to run long and overdry your laundry. Instead, toss in a couple of tennis balls or dryer wool balls to soften your towels. Finally, towels can create more lint than other laundry loads, so remember to empty your lint filter.

    Speaking of unfiltered, Orlovsky’s bold towel take is a bit reckless—like scrambling in your own end zone and accidentally stepping out of bounds, gifting your opponent a safety (as he once did, infamously). Time to throw in the towel.

    Top Products to Get Your Towels Clean

    Washing Machines

    Clothes Dryers

    Laundry Detergents

    @consumerreports

    New clothes might look clean, but that’s not always the case. Wash before wearing, especially if you have sensitive skin or a baby at home. Learn more through the link in our bio 👚 #cleantok #cleaningtips #cleaningtiktok #shoppingtips

    ♬ original sound - Consumer Reports - Consumer Reports

    Keith Flamer

    Keith Flamer has been a multimedia content creator at Consumer Reports since 2021, covering laundry, cleaning, small appliances, and home trends. Fascinated by interior design, architecture, technology, and all things mechanical, he translates CR’s testing engineers’ work into content that helps readers live better, smarter lives. Prior to CR, Keith covered luxury accessories and real estate, most recently at Forbes, with a focus on residential homes, interior design, home security, and pop culture trends.